Description: Photograph of Red Oak Presbyterian Church in Red Oak, near Ripley, Ohio. The church was a center of anti-slavery activities in the first half of the 19th century, largely under the guidance of its pastor, Reverend James Gilliland, who served from 1805-1854. Located along the Ohio River in Brown County, the town of Ripley was an active location on the Underground Railroad, followed by fugitive slaves crossing the river from Kentucky on their journey to Canada. Because Ohio was a free state, communities like the one pictured here sprang up as homes for freed and formerly enslaved African Americans and their families. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC651_01
Subjects: Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights; Underground Railroad--Ohio; Antislavery movements--Ohio--History--19th century; Religion in Ohio; Churches--Ohio;
Places: Ripley (Ohio); Brown County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverend James Gilliland (1769-1845) was involved with the Underground Railroad at Red Oak, in Brown County, Ohio. While living in Kentucky, eleven members of the local Presbyterian Church petitioned against Gilliland's ordination because of his strong anti-slavery sentiment. Gilliland claimed that he was the first abolitionist to live in Brown County. The image was collected by Ohio State University professor Wilbur H. Siebert (1866-1961). Siebert began researching the Underground Railroad in the 1890s as a way to interest his students in history. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03110
Subjects: Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights; Underground Railroad--Ohio; Antislavery movements--Ohio--History--19th century; Abolitionists;
Places: Red Oak (Ohio); Brown County (Ohio)
 

Description: This image is of a cradle scythe made of iron and oak and painted red. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: H8629
Subjects: Society of Separatists of Zoar--History; Tools and equipment
Places: Zoar (Ohio); Tuscarawas County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of the home of Reverend James Gilliland in Ripley, Ohio. Gilliland was pastor of Red Oak Presbyterian Church from 1805-1854 and made the church a center of anti-slavery activities. Located along the Ohio River in Brown County, the town of Ripley was an active location on the Underground Railroad, followed by fugitive slaves crossing the river from Kentucky on their journey to Canada. Because Ohio was a free state, communities like the one pictured here sprang up as homes for freed and formerly enslaved African Americans and their families. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC651_02
Subjects: Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights; Underground Railroad--Ohio; Antislavery movements--Ohio--History--19th century; Religion in Ohio; Clergy;
Places: Ripley (Ohio); Brown County (Ohio)
 

Description: This handmade oak peg rack has a decorative planed edge. It has been painted red. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: H73807
Subjects: Society of Separatists of Zoar--History
Places: Zoar (Ohio); Tuscarawas County (Ohio)
 

Description: This is an image of a three-prong hay-lifting fork. It is made of hickory and oak and is brown and red. It is missing a metal tip and has the letters E W B marked into it. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: H47961
Subjects: Society of Separatists of Zoar--History; tools and equipment
Places: Zoar (Ohio); Tuscarawas County (Ohio)
 

Description: This blue silk flag served as the regimental colors of the 2nd Ohio Volunteer Cavalry. The flag was manufactured in the United States between 1861 and 1865. The dimensions are 69 by 74 cm. The front or obverse of the flag features the United States arms painted in the center. The arms consists of a bald eagle holding an olive branch in its right talon and a bundle of arrows in its left talon. The eagle holds in its beak a scroll with the motto "E Pluribus Unum" (Latin for "one out of many"). A shield emblazoned with red and white stripes and a blue upper portion is positioned on the eagle's breast. Just above the eagle is a light blue field featuring thirteen white stars. At the top of this light blue field is a gray cloud with gold rays extending above it. Below the arms is a red painted banner with a gold border. Gold text in the banner reads: "SECOND OHIO VET. VOL. CAVALRY." The flag has gold fringe on its top, left, and bottom sides. The reverse of the flag features battle honors painted in gold. At the top of flag are: "WAYNESBORO DINWIDDIE C.H. FIVE [...] / HARPER'S FARM. 1865. APPOMATT[...] H." A gold crest-shaped border encloses the following battle honors: "NEWTONIA MO. 1862. PRAIRIE GROVE. / CANE HILL ARK. / STEUBENVILLE KY. 1863, RICHMOND KY. / BUFFINGTON ISLAND O. CUMBERLAND GAP.KNOXVILLE. / BLUE SPRINGS. RUSSELLVILLE. BEAN STATION. / 1864. / THE WILDERNESS. HANOVER C.H. ASHLAND. CHARLESTOWN VA. / HANE'S SHOP. WHITE OAK SWAMP. SMITH'S STORE. / MOTTAWAY C.H. ROANOKE STATION. STONEY CREEK. / REAM STATION. WINCHESTER. SUMMIT POINT. / KEARNEYSVILLE. OPEQUAN. FRONT ROYAL. / TOM'S BROOK. CEDAR CREEK. BACK ROAD." Listed along the bottom of the flag are: "PETERSBURGH. APPOMATTOX STATION. RICHMOND." Ohio battle flags were on display at the Ohio Statehouse until the 1960s, when the state formed a committee to oversee the efforts to restore the fragile flags. Some of the battle flags were on display on the Plaza Level of the Ohio Historical Society from 1970 until 1989. For conservation reasons, the flags have been in storage since 1989. In the 1960s, the collection was photographed and commercial artist Robert Needham painted illustrations of many Civil War flags. Photographs of the flags and the paintings are now part of the society's archival collections. The 2nd Ohio Volunteer Cavalry was organized in Cleveland, Ohio, and at Camp Dennison near Cincinnati from August to October 1861. The regiment initially served in Kansas and Missouri before pursuing Confederate General John Morgan on his raid across Ohio. The regiment took part in the siege of Knoxville; the battles of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania Court House, Cold Harbor, Third Winchester, Fisher's Hill, and Cedar Creek; and the Appomattox Campaign. The regiment was mustered out in Missouri on September 11, 1865. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL01855
Subjects: Flags--Ohio; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865
 

Description: A black and white photograph captures the image of Abraham Lincoln’s tomb at the National Lincoln Monument and Tomb at the Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois. The burial tomb is located under the monument. Large red marble grave marker in the sarcophagus chamber marks the final resting place of Abraham Lincoln. Nine flags surround the grave marker; each represents a state resided by Lincoln or one his ancestors. The inscription located on the wall reads “now he belongs to the ages” was spoken by Edwin M. Stanton, the Secretary of War at the time of Lincoln’s death. The tomb holds the remains of President Lincoln and his wife, Mary Todd Lincoln, and their sons, Edward, William “Willie” and Thomas “Tad.” Their oldest son, Robert, is the only son not buried in the tomb. Attached texted included reads, “New Lincoln Tomb Completed - The Interior of the Lincoln Tomb at Springfield, Ill., has been transformed into chamber of simple and dignified beauty, in the center of which a marble and bronze sarcophagus chamber, which will be dedicated by President Hoover, June 17.” (Published by Chicago Bureau on June 6, 1931) View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV83_B01F05_026_01
Subjects: Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865--Pictorial works
Places: Springfield (Illinois); Sangamon County (Illinois)
 

Description: A black and white postcard of Abraham Lincoln’s tomb at the National Lincoln Monument and Tomb at the Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois. The burial tomb is located under the monument. Herbert Wells Fay, the custodian at Lincoln’s tomb, stands next to the large red marble grave marker of Abraham Lincoln. Nine flags surround the grave marker; only five are shown on the postcard. The tomb holds the remains of President Lincoln and his wife, Mary Todd Lincoln, and their sons, Edward, William “Willie” and Thomas “Tad.” Their oldest son, Robert, is the only son not buried in the tomb. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV83_B01F05_003
Subjects: Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865--Pictorial works
Places: Springfield (Illinois); Sangamon County (Illinois)
 

Description: Dated to the 1960s or 1970s, this photograph shows the businesses on the corner of North Oak and West High Streets in London, Ohio, including the Gulf filling station and Hunter Tractor Sales. The red brick building to the right of Hunter Tractor Sales, is the old Madison County Jail. The building on the right edge of the photograph is the Madison County Sheriff's Office. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV101_B01F04_300
Subjects: Streets--Ohio; Small towns; Jails; Small business--Ohio
Places: London (Ohio); Madison County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse says: "Central Parkway now and how it looked in Canal days." Steeped in history, this parkway of 23.8 acres extends for 4.5 miles from downtown to the edge of Cumminsville - from Broadway and Reading Road, turning right at Plum, to Liberty, to Harrison and the Western Hills Viaduct, to its terminal at Ludlow, below Mt. Storm Park. It was acquired in 1931 by the Park Board from the Board of Rapid Transit Commissions. Trees and shrubs were planted - those of a variety to endure the atmospheric and soil conditions of the downtown section, particularly the English maple, the Oriental plane tree, and the elm - three types found to be best fitted for growth in metropolitan confines. The English maples were moved to Ault Park and replaced by crabapples when the parkway islands were narrowed. London plane tree replaced most of the oriental plane trees and red oak, the elms. During the construction of Central Parkway, many gifts of trees were made. These are a part of landscape now so familiar to Parkway travelers. The Daughters of the American Revolution placed at the Central Parkway and Ludlow Avenue intersection a bronze tablet in memory of Major General Arthur St. Clair, who was an officer in the Revolutionary War, first governor of the Northwest Territory, and the man who gave Cincinnati its name. A historical marker, erected under the Ohio Revolutionary Memorial Commission's plan, stands at Central Parkway and Sycamore where the two Ohio trails branched. Reading Road following the marches of Bowman, Clark, Harmar, Harrison, Clay and Shelby; and Central Parkway folloing the route of St. Clair and Mad Anthony Wayne - brave names in those days of pioneer drumbeat and marching soldiers and frontiersmen in buckskin. The old Miami and Erie Canal which came later on the Central Parkway site did not erase those indelible footsteps from history. The canal itself is gone, a small remnant left of the $6,000,000 project started in 1825 to provide a 244-mile waterway between Cincinnati and Toledo. Yet the old canal, too, is remembered by a marker commemorating it at Central Parkway and Ezzard Charles Drive. Here was the site of a major medium of commerce. Here was the "Rhine," the boundary of the Over-the-Rhine section where Cincinnatians, in a wide-open city, crossed the Vine Street Bridge to the other side of the canal, listened to the little German bands and drank beer in their favorite saloons of the carved-mahogany-bar variety. There was the oom-pah-pah of the music and the clack of man-sized mugs, as the citizens fondled handle-bar moustaches and discussed the canal traffic. In the old canal, many of the notables of Cincinnati went for a swim in their boyhood days, and they loved every single minute of it. Central Parkway is one of the major parkways in a citywide network envisioned in the 1907 park plan by George Kessler. Extending along the former route of the old Miami & Erie Canal, central Parkway was developed in conjunction with a rapid transit railway, which was to run in a tunnel created in the old canal bed. Construction of the railway began in 1920, but ceased in 1927 when funds ran out. The system was never completed because the growing popularity of the automobile greatly diminished the need or desire for mass rail transit. When it was dedicated in 1928, Central Parkway featured broad central islands with concrete walks, trees, benches, ornamental street lamps and circular ventilators for the subway below. This scheme was mush simpler than that proposed by Kessler. In the 1950s, increasing auto traffic led to widening the roadways at the expense of the medians and fixtures, with the exception of the streetlights. In 1990, the remaining medians were replanted. Between main and Sycamore Streets, an historic marker capped with a silhouette of a Conestoga Wagon party marks the confluence of two 18th-century military trails. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F02_01_01
Subjects: Historical markers--Ohio--Cincinnati; Parks--Ohio--Cincinnati; Canals--Ohio--History; Miami and Erie Canal (Ohio); Waterways--Canals--Miami & Erie Canal; Central Parkway Area (Cincinnati, Ohio)
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: This is an image of a saw buck made of oak and iron. The saw is comprised of a red wood frame with two arching pieces that hold the frame together and an iron turnbuckle on the top of the frame. Of the two arching pieces, the longer side is used for a handle. The blade has coarse teeth that are mortised into the frame and attached by screws. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: H82866
Subjects: Society of Separatists of Zoar--History; Tools and equipment
Places: Zoar (Ohio); Tuscarawas County (Ohio)